1. What’s Quartz Glass?
Quartz glass is a kind of special glass which is made of single component-SiO2. Its series of special performance that other material can’t replace, make quartz glass an indispensable material in modern science and technology and modern industry.
2. Raw Material of Quartz Glass
3. Quartz Glass Preparation Process and Products Characteristics from Different Processes
Quartz glass processes mostly include electric fused process (vacuum electric fused process, two-step melting process, continuous melting process), flame fused process, high-frequency plasma melting process, synthetic quartz glass process.
Electric fused process is electrically powered and heated through resistance, arc, intermediate-frequency induction, high-frequency plasma, etc. to melt quartz powder into quartz glass. The characteristic of quartz glass manufactured by electric fused process is low content of hydroxyl.
3.1 Electric Fused Process
3.1.1 Vacuum Electric Fused Process
Vacuum electric fused process, the major method to produce infrared quartz tube for optical field, is to put quartz powder in the graphite crucible, using vacuum electric furnace as the heating source, to melt the powder into quartz glass.
The quartz glass manufactured by vacuum fused process has characteristic of lower content of hydroxyl, but there exist major defects in terms of bubble, stone, etc.
3.1.2 Two-Step Melting Process
Two-step melting process can be divided into contact and non-contact methods.
Contact two-step method is through the former to draw the ingot into the quartz glass products in the required size. This process is featured by simple operation, easily controlled size, but the drawback is easy to scratch the surface of quartz glass products.
3.1.3 Continuous Melting Process
Continuous melting process refers to use automatic device to feed quartz powder into the top mouth of the furnace, then after the quartz powder melted in the furnace, the quartz glass products are drawn out of the bottom mouth of the furnace continuously. Continuous melting process normally uses tungsten heater-tungsten crucible, thus gas protection is needed. Helium is used as protection gas in foreign countries, which leads to good appearance and low hydroxyl for the products. However due to high price of helium in China, hydrogen is usually used as protection gas, which generates relative worse appearance and high content of hydroxyl for the products. Continuous melting process has advantages of high degree of mechanical automation, long production cycle, low production cost, which is suitable for large amount of products in the industries of electric light source illumination and electric heating.3.2 Flame Fused Process
Flame fused process is a kind of technology method to use energy source of hydrogen and oxygen to heat quartz glass raw material to produce quartz glass.
3.2.1 Flame Fused One-Step Method
3.2.2 Ingot Making by Vertical Flame Fused Process
Ingot making by vertical flame fused process is to set quartz glass target holder in the furnace, and use hydrogen and oxygen burner to melt the quartz powder to deposit on the target holder, and then form a certain size of quartz ingot.
This process can produce quartz rough ingot which will then be machined to various quartz tubes, instruments, flanges, etc. The quartz ingots produced by this process have high content of hydroxyl.
3.3 High-Frequency Plasma Melting Process
High-frequency plasma melting process manufactures quartz rough ingot which will be further machined to reach a certain accurate size through cold-fab, and then be prepared to quartz glass tubes and rods via two-step tubing process.
The products manufactured by the process are high-quality quartz glass with high purity and low hydroxyl, which are used in the industries of optical fiber, laser, semicon and solar energy.
3.4 Synthetic Quartz Glass Process
4. High-Quality Quartz Glass
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